Abstract:Scientific and technological powerhouse is the core of a fully modernized country, and the scientific and technological modernization is an important part of modernization with Chinese characteristics. To grasp the new development stage, implement the new development concept, build the new development pattern, and promote the high-quality development, it is urgent to systematically promote the construction of scientific and technological powerhouse (STP) in the new era from the perspective of strategic system. Firstly, define the strategic connotation and establish the strategic system analysis framework of "strategic environment-strategic objectives-strategic capabilitiesstrategic actions". Secondly, analyze the strategic environment for constructing an STP, accurately study and judge the general trend of longterm development and firmly grasp the strategic opportunities of science and technology. Thirdly, enrich the strategic goal of constructing an STP, enter the ranks and forefront of innovative countries, and constructing an STP. Fourthly, enhance the strategic capacity of constructing an STP, build a national innovation system, and strengthen strategic scientific and technological force and strategic talent force. Finally, deepen the strategic action of constructing an STP, implement the innovation driven development strategy, and promote sci-tech self-reliance and selfstrengthening at higher levels.